Green Revolution refers to the great rise in agricultural productivity brought about by new plant hybrids, fertilizers and agricultural chemicals in the 1950's and 1960's. Green Revolution was advocated by the developed nations as a way to make developing nations food sufficient. There is now a concern that Green Revolution enforced transformation of agricultural methods has harmed the environment, diminished local control and erased local methods of production. It took 10,000 years for food grain production to reach 1 billion tons, in 1960, and only 40 years to reach 2 billion tons, in 2000.
A Translation Analysis of the Green Revolution in Bali - Thierry Bardini. Translation approach to analyze the Green Revolution in Bali, Indonesia. The translation approach reopens the controversy about a classical topic in development studies: the failure or success of the Green Revolution. The translation method helps us to understand how the previous explanations of the failure or success of the Green Revolution in Bali were socially constructed. Replica Watches J. Stephen Lansing's recent computer model of Balinese agriculture is examined as a new component of the Green Revolution technological package.
Communalism and the Green Revolution in Punjab - Marco Corsi. This study focuses on the rise and fall of the ‘Green Revolution’ in Punjab, in India and on its social impact, demonstrating how this modernization process had a forefront role in the process of formation and consolidation of the political and social forces that supported and fed the political violence that was triggered from the tension among the area’s main Sikh and Hindu communities.
Rural Poverty and the Green Revolution: The Lessons from Pakistan - Tarique Niazi. - Abstract: This article argues that the Green Revolution in Pakistan has failed to live up to its promise of ending hunger, unemployment and poverty. An analysis of the time series data of the past four decades points to the worsening of inequalities in income and asset distribution, contributing to the poverty of one in every three Pakistanis. The distributional impact of the Green Revolution in three allied areas of tenurial security, rural employment and rural household income, which tended to decline correspondingly, worsening income and asset distribution.
An Historical Perspective from the Green Revolution to the Gene Revolution
- Davies W. P.
Abstract: Since the 1960s conventional crop breeding has increased food production
commesurate with the growing population. For agricultural development to continue, the
exploitation of greater genetic diversity and modern biotechnology are becoming
increasingly important. This article reviews the milestones achieved by the Green
Revolution and many of the recent breakthroughs of modern biotechnology.
Green revolution: the way forward - Khush GS.
The origin of agriculture led to the domestication of many plant species and to the
exploitation of natural resources. This
unprecedented increase, which has been named the 'green revolution', resulted from the
creation of genetically improved crop varieties, combined with the application of improved
agronomic practices.
Challenges Facing a Second Green Revolution: Expanding the Reach of Organic Agriculture - Thomas L. Dobbs. "The word 'revolution' has been greatly abused, but no other term adequately describes the effects of the new seeds on the poor countries where they are being used. The technological breakthrough achieved by agricultural scientists foreshadows widespread changes in the economic, social, and political orders of the poor countries."
From the USDA’s classic Report and
Recommendations on Organic Farming - It is timely now to review the status of organic agriculture, especially for
those of us old enough to have observed or participated in the 1960s/1970s "Green
Revolution" in many developing countries. As Lester Brown explained, US government policy
emphasis shifted in 1965 from direct food aid for developing countries to more active
assistance to these countries in developing their own food production capacities. The dramatic changes in farming practices and in cereal output per hectare
soon became known as the "Green Revolution."
Productivity Growth and Sustainability in Post Green Revolution Agriculture: The
Case of the Indian and Pakistan Punjabs - Rinku Murgai, Mubarik Ali and
Derek Byerlee.
Abstract: This article attempts to determine the long-term productivity and sustainability of irrigated agriculture in the Indian and Pakistan Punjabs by measuring trends in total factor productivity for production systems in both states since the advent of the Green Revolution.
The lowest growth in productivity took
place during the initial Green Revolution period. The time lag between adoption
of Green Revolution technologies and realization of productivity gains is
related to learning-induced efficiency gains, better utilization of capital
investments over time, and problems with the standard methods of productivity
measurement that downwardly bias estimates, particularly during the Green
Revolution period.
RICE GREEN REVOLUTION IN ASIA AND ITS TRANSFERABILITY TO AFRICA: AN INTRODUCTION
- Keijiro OTSUKA, Kaliappa P. KALIRAJAN.
Abstract: Drawing on the experiences of Asian countries, we attempt to identify the
transferability of Asian Green Revolution to sub-Saharan Africa by examining whether there
is a common set of factors affecting rice yields in the two regions. We have attempted to
propose the strategy to realize a Green Revolution in sub-Saharan Africa based on lessons
learned from the comparative studies.
THE IMPACT OF GREEN REVOLUTION ON RICE PRODUCTION IN VIETNAM - TRAN Thi Ut,
Kei KAJISA.
Abstract: The current paper reviewed the development of the Green Revolution in Vietnam, using long-term regional yield and modern variety adoption statistics, as well as household data collected in 1996 and 2003.
Green Revolution began in irrigated favorable areas and spread to the less favorable areas in Vietnam such as in other Asian countries. What is unique in Vietnam is that although the Green Revolution ended in the mid-1980s in the Philippines and Indonesia, it has still been sustained as of 2003. The varieties imported from China have contributed to the Green Revolution in northern Vietnam and those developed by the International Rice Research Institute in southern Vietnam.
Assessing the Impact of the Green Revolution, 1960 to 2000 - R. E. Evenson and D. Gollin - We summarize the findings of a recently completed study of the productivity impacts of international crop genetic improvement research in developing countries.